Theories of Personality,9780534341190

Theories of Personality

by ;
Edition: 6th
ISBN13: 9780534341190
ISBN10: 0534341195
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1997-08-18
Publisher(s): Wadsworth Publishing
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Table of Contents

PART 1 Introduction 1(36)
CHAPTER ONE The Study of Personality: Assessment, Research, and Theory
3(34)
The Study of Personality
4(2)
The Place of Personality in the History of Psychology
6(2)
Definitions of Personality
8(2)
Gender and Ethnic Issues in Personality
10(2)
Assessment in the Study of Personality
12(10)
Research in the Study of Personality
22(6)
Theory in the Study of Personality
28(3)
Images of Human Nature: Issues in Personality Theory
31(2)
Chapter Summary
33(2)
Critical Thinking Review
35(1)
Suggested Reading
36(1)
PART 2 The Psychoanalytic Approach 37(44)
CHAPTER TWO Sigmund Freud
38(43)
The Life of Freud (1856-1939)
40(5)
Instincts: The Propelling Forces of the Personality
45(2)
The Levels of Personality
47(1)
The Structure of Personality: Id, Ego, and Superego
48(2)
Anxiety: A Threat to the Ego
50(2)
Defenses Against Anxiety
52(3)
Psychosexual Stages of Personality Development
55(7)
Freud's Image of Human Nature
62(1)
Assessment in Freud's Theory
63(3)
Research in Freud's Theory
66(7)
Extensions of Freudian Theory
73(3)
A Final Commentary
76(2)
Chapter Summary
78(1)
Critical Thinking Review
79(1)
Suggested Reading
80(1)
PART 3 The Neopsychoanalytic Approach 81(118)
CHAPTER THREE Carl Jung
83(27)
The Life of Jung (1875-1961)
84(3)
Psychic Energy
87(2)
The Systems of Personality
89(7)
The Development of the Personality
96(3)
Jung's Image of Human Nature
99(2)
Assessment in Jung's Theory
101(2)
Research in Jung's Theory
103(3)
A Final Commentary
106(1)
Chapter Summary
107(1)
Critical Thinking Review
108(1)
Suggested Reading
109(1)
CHAPTER FOUR Alfred Adler
110(26)
The Life of Adler (1870-1937)
111(2)
Inferiority Feelings: The Source of Human Striving
113(2)
Striving for Superiority or Perfection
115(2)
Style of Life
117(1)
Social Interest
118(1)
Birth Order
119(3)
Adler's Image of Human Nature
122(2)
Assessment in Adler's Theory
124(3)
Research in Adler's Theory
127(4)
A Final Commentary
131(2)
Chapter Summary
133(1)
Critical Thinking Review
134(1)
Suggested Reading
135(1)
CHAPTER FIVE Karen Horney
136(23)
The Life of Horney (1885-1952)
137(3)
The Childhood Need for Safety
140(2)
Basic Anxiety: The Foundation of Neurosis
142(1)
Neurotic Needs
143(1)
Neurotic Trends
144(3)
The Idealized Self-Image
147(1)
Feminine Psychology
148(3)
Horney's Image of Human Nature
151(1)
Assessment in Horney's Theory
151(2)
Research in Horney's Theory
153(2)
A Final Commentary
155(1)
Chapter Summary
156(1)
Critical Thinking Review
157(1)
Suggested Reading
157(2)
CHAPTER SIX Erich Fromm
159(20)
The Life of Fromm (1900-1980)
160(2)
Freedom versus Security: The Basic Human Dilemma
162(3)
Personality Development in Childhood
165(1)
The Six Psychological Needs
166(2)
Character Types
168(4)
Fromm's Image of Human Nature
172(2)
Assessment in Fromm's Theory
174(1)
Research in Fromm's Theory
174(2)
A Final Commentary
176(1)
Chapter Summary
177(1)
Critical Thinking Review
178(1)
Suggested Reading
178(1)
CHAPTER SEVEN Henry Murray
179(20)
The Life of Murray (1893-1988)
180(3)
The Principles of Personology
183(1)
The Divisions of Personality
184(1)
Needs: The Motivation of Behavior
185(3)
Personality Development in Childhood
188(2)
Murray's Image of Human Nature
190(1)
Assessment in Murray's Theory
191(2)
Research in Murray's Theory
193(2)
A Final Commentary
195(1)
Chapter Summary
196(1)
Critical Thinking Review
197(1)
Suggested Reading
198(1)
PART 4 The Life-Span Approach 199(28)
CHAPTER EIGHT Erik Erikson
201(26)
The Life of Erikson (1902-1994)
202(2)
Psychosocial Stages of Development and Basic Strengths
204(8)
Basic Weaknesses
212(1)
Erikson's Image of Human Nature
213(1)
Assessment in Erikson's Theory
214(1)
Research in Erikson's Theory
215(8)
A Final Commentary
223(2)
Chapter Summary
225(1)
Critical Thinking Review
225(1)
Suggested Reading
226(1)
PART 5 The Trait Approach: The Genetics of Personality 227(54)
CHAPTER NINE Gordon Allport
229(21)
The Life of Allport (1897-1967)
230(3)
The Nature of Personality
233(1)
Personality Traits
234(1)
Personality and Motivation
235(3)
Personality Development in Childhood: The Unique Self
238(2)
The Healthy Adult Personality
240(1)
Allport's Image of Human Nature
241(2)
Assessment in Allport's Theory
243(1)
Research in Allport's Theory
244(2)
A Final Commentary
246(1)
Chapter Summary
247(1)
Critical Thinking Review
248(1)
Suggested Reading
249(1)
CHAPTER TEN Raymond Cattell, Hans Eysenck, and Other Trait Theorists
250(31)
The Life of Cattell (1905- )
251(2)
Cattell's Approach to Personality Traits
253(2)
Source Traits: The Basic Factors of Personality
255(1)
Dynamic Traits: The Motivating Forces
256(1)
The Influences of Heredity and Environment
257(2)
Stages of Personality Development
259(1)
Cattell's Image of Human Nature
260(2)
Assessment in Cattell's Theory
262(2)
Research in Cattell's Theory
264(2)
A Final Commentary on Cattell
266(1)
Behavioral Genetics
267(1)
Hans Eysenck (1916- )
267(1)
The Dimensions of Personality
268(3)
Robert McCrae and Paul Costa: The Five-Factor Model
271(3)
Arnold Buss and Robert Plomin: The Temperament Theory
274(3)
A Final Commentary
277(1)
Chapter Summary
278(1)
Critical Thinking Review
279(1)
Suggested Reading
280(1)
PART 6 The Humanistic Approach 281(50)
CHAPTER ELEVEN Abraham Maslow
283(25)
The Life of Maslow (1908-1970)
284(3)
Personality Development: The Hierarchy of Needs
287(6)
The Study of Self-Actualizers
293(6)
Maslow's Image of Human Nature
299(1)
Assessment in Maslow's Theory
299(3)
Research in Maslow's Theory
302(2)
A Final Commentary
304(1)
Chapter Summary
305(1)
Critical Thinking Review
306(1)
Suggested Reading
307(1)
CHAPTER TWELVE Carl Rogers
308(23)
The Life of Rogers (1902-1987)
309(3)
The Importance of the Self
312(1)
The Actualization Tendency
313(1)
The Experiential World
313(1)
The Development of the Self in Childhood
314(3)
Characteristics of Fully Functioning Persons
317(2)
Rogers's Image of Human Nature
319(2)
Assessment in Rogers's Theory
321(2)
Research in Rogers's Theory
323(4)
A Final Commentary
327(1)
Chapter Summary
328(1)
Critical Thinking Review
329(1)
Suggested Reading
329(2)
PART 7 The Cognitive Approach 331(26)
CHAPTER THIRTEEN George Kelly
333(24)
The Role of Cognitive Processes
334(1)
The Life of Kelly (1905-1967)
335(2)
Personal Construct Theory
337(1)
Anticipating Life Events
338(7)
Kelly's Image of Human Nature
345(1)
Assessment in Kelly's Theory
345(6)
Research in Kelly's Theory
351(2)
A Final Commentary
353(1)
Chapter Summary
354(1)
Critical Thinking Review
355(1)
Suggested Reading
355(2)
PART 8 The Behavioral Approach 357(28)
CHAPTER FOURTEEN B. F. Skinner
359(26)
Rats, Pigeons, and an Empty Organism
360(2)
The Life of Skinner (1904-1990)
362(2)
Reinforcement: The Basis of Behavior
364(3)
Schedules of Reinforcement
367(3)
Successive Approximation: The Shaping of Behavior
370(1)
Superstitious Behavior
371(1)
The Self-Control of Behavior
372(1)
Applications of Operant Conditioning
373(2)
Skinner's Image of Human Nature
375(2)
Assessment in Skinner's Theory
377(2)
Research in Skinner's Theory
379(1)
A Final Commentary
380(2)
Chapter Summary
382(1)
Critical Thinking Review
383(1)
Suggested Reading
384(1)
PART 9 The Social-Learning Approach 385(50)
CHAPTER FIFTEEN Albert Bandura
387(27)
The Life of Bandura (1925- )
388(1)
Modeling: The Basis of Observational Learning
389(4)
Observational Learning Processes
393(3)
The Self
396(3)
Developmental Stages of Modeling and Self-Efficacy
399(2)
Behavior Modification
401(2)
Bandura's Image of Human Nature
404(2)
Assessment in Bandura's Theory
406(1)
Research in Bandura's Theory
406(4)
A Final Commentary
410(1)
Chapter Summary
411(1)
Critical Thinking Review
412(1)
Suggested Reading
413(1)
CHAPTER SIXTEEN Julian Rotter
414(21)
The Life of Rotter (1916- )
415(2)
Social-Learning Theory
417(1)
Primary Concepts
417(3)
Broader Concepts
420(2)
Psychological Needs
422(1)
Locus of Control
423(2)
Interpersonal Trust
425(1)
Rotter's Image of Human Nature
425(2)
Assessment in Rotter's Theory
427(1)
Research in Rotter's Theory
427(1)
A Final Commentary
431(4)
Chapter Summary
431(1)
Critical Thinking Review
432(1)
Suggested Reading
433(2)
PART 10 The Limited-Domain Approach 435(44)
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN Limited-Domain Theories of Personality
437(32)
David McClelland: The Need for Achievement
438(10)
Marvin Zuckerman: Sensation Seeking
448(7)
Martin E. P. Seligman: Learned Helplessness
455(10)
Chapter Summary
465(2)
Critical Thinking Review
467(1)
Suggested Reading
468(1)
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN Personality in Perspective
469(10)
The Genetic Factor
470(1)
The Environmental Factor
470(1)
The Learning Factor
471(1)
The Parental Factor
472(2)
The Developmental Factor
474(1)
The Consciousness Factor
475(1)
The Unconscious Factor
476(1)
A Final Commentary
477(1)
Critical Thinking Review
477(2)
References 479(30)
Glossary 509(14)
Index 523

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