Scaling in Biology

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Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2000-04-06
Publisher(s): Oxford University Press
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Summary

Scaling relationships have been a persistent theme in biology at least since the time of Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo. Because scaling relationships are among the most general empirical patterns in biology, they have stimulated research to develop mechanistic hypotheses and mathematical models. While there have been many excellent empirical and theoretical investigations, there has been little attempt to synthesize this diverse but interrelated area of biology. In an effort to fill this void, Scaling in Biology , the first general treatment of scaling in biology in over 15 years, covers a broad spectrum of the most relevant topics in a series of chapters written by experts in the field. Some of those topics discussed include allometry and fractal structure, branching of vascular systems of mammals and plants, biomechanical and life history of plants, invertebrates and vertebrates, and species-area patterns of biological diversity. Many more examples are included within this text to complete the broader picture. Scaling in Biology conveys the diversity, promise, and excitement of current research in this area, in a format accessible to a wide audience of not only specialists in the various sub-disciplines, but also students and anyone with a serious interest in biology.

Table of Contents

Preface xi
Scaling in Biology: Patterns and Processes, Causes and Consequences
1(24)
James H. Brown
Geoffrey B. West
Brian J. Enquist
Allometry and Natural Selection
25(12)
John Tyler Bonner
Henry S. Horn
Hovering and Jumping: Contrasting Problems in Scaling
37(14)
R. McNeill Alexander
Scaling of Terrestrial Support: Differing Solutions to Mechanical Constraints of Size
51(16)
Andrew A. Biewener
Consequences of Size Change During Ontogeny and Evolution
67(20)
Mimi A. R. Koehl
The Origin of Universal Scaling Laws in Biology
87(26)
Geoffrey B. West
James H. Brown
Brian J. Enquist
Scaling and Invariants in Cardiovascular Biology
113(16)
John K-J. Li
Vascular System of the Human Heart: Some Branching and Scaling Issues
129(16)
Mair Zamir
Constrained Constructive Optimization of Arterial Tree Models
145(22)
Wolfgang Schreiner
Rudolf Karch
Friederike Neumann
Martin Neumann
Quarter-Power Allometric Scaling in Vascular Plants: Functional Basis and Ecological Consequences
167(32)
Brian J. Enquist
Geoffrey B. West
James H. Brown
Twigs, Trees, and the Dynamics of Carbon in the Landscape
199(22)
Henry S. Horn
Cell Size, Shape, and Fitness in Evolving Populations of Bacteria
221(16)
Richard E. Lenski
Judith A. Mongold
Does Body Size Optimization Alter the Allometries for Production and Life History Traits?
237(16)
Jan Kozlowski
Why and How Phylogenetic Relationships Should be Incorporated into Studies of Scaling
253(14)
Paul H. Harvey
Individual Energy Use and the Allometry of Population Density
267(30)
Helene Cyr
Diversity and Convergence: Scaling for Conservation
297(28)
William A. Calder
Scaling and Self-Similarity in Species Distributions: Implications for Extinction, Species Richness, Abundance, and Range
325(18)
John Harte
Index 343

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