The Ethics of War Classic and Contemporary Readings,9781405123778

The Ethics of War Classic and Contemporary Readings

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Edition: 1st
ISBN13: 9781405123778
ISBN10: 140512377X
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2006-07-05
Publisher(s): Wiley-Blackwell
List Price: $188.74

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Summary

The Ethics of War is an indispensable collection of texts addressing issues both timely and age-old about the nature and ethics of war. Features texts by great thinkers from ancient times through to the present day, among them Plato, Augustine, Aquinas, Machiavelli, Grotius, Kant, Russell and Walzer Includes editorial introductions which situate these texts within their proper historical and philosophical context Examines timely questions such as: When is recourse to arms morally justifiable? What moral constraints should apply to military conduct? How can a lasting peace be achieved? Will appeal to a broad range of readers interested in morality and ethics in war time

Author Biography


Gregory M. Reichberg is Senior Researcher at the International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) where he heads the Institute’s Program on Ethics, Norms, and Identities. He is editor of The Classics of Western Philosophy: A Reader’s Guide (with Jorge J. E. Gracia and Bernard N. Schumacher, Blackwell 2003) and he has published numerous articles on the ethics of war and peace.

Henrik Syse is Senior Researcher associated with PRIO and the Ethics Program at the University of Oslo, and Head of Corporate Governance at Norges Bank Investment Management. He is the author of Natural Law, Religion, and Rights (2006).

Endre Begby is Fulbright Fellow in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh.

Table of Contents

Preface viii
Acknowledgments xiii
Part I Ancient and Early Christian
1(90)
Thucydides (ca. 460-ca. 400 BC): War and Power
3(15)
Plato (427-347 BC): Tempering War among the Greeks
18(13)
Aristotle (384-322 BC): Courage, Slavery, and Citizen Soldiers
31(16)
Roman Law of War and Peace (Seventh Century BC-First Century AD): lus Fetiale
47(3)
Cicero (106-43 BC): Civic Virtue as the Foundation of Peace
50(10)
Early Church Fathers (Second to Fourth Centuries): Pacifism and Defense of the Innocent
60(10)
Augustine (354-430): Just War in the Service of Peace
70(21)
Part II Medieval
91(140)
Medieval Peace Movements (975-1123): Religious Limitations on Warfare
93(5)
The Crusades (Eleventh to Thirteenth Centuries): Christian Holy War
98(6)
Gratian and the Decretists (Twelfth Century): War and Coercion in the Decretum
104(21)
John of Salisbury (ca. 1115-1180): The Challenge of Tyranny
125(6)
Raymond of Penafort (ca. 1180-1275) and William of Rennes (Thirteenth Century): The Conditions of Just War, Self-defense, and their Legal Consequences under Penitential Jurisdiction
131(17)
Innocent IV (ca. 1180-1254): The Kinds of Violence and the Limits of Holy War
148(8)
Alexander of Hales (ca. 1185-1245): Virtuous Dispositions in Warfare
156(4)
Hostiensis (ca. 1200-1271): A Typology of Internal and External War
160(9)
Thomas Aquinas (ca. 1225-1274): Just War and Sins against Peace
169(30)
Dante Alighieri (1265-1321): Peace by Universal Monarchy
199(4)
Bartolus of Saxoferrato (ca. 1313-1357): Roman War within Christendom
203(7)
Christine de Pizan (ca. 1364-ca. 1431): War and Chivalry
210(17)
Raphael Fulgosius (1367-1427): Just War Reduced to Public War
227(4)
Part III Late Scholastic and Reformation
231(208)
Erasmus of Rotterdam (1466-1536): The Spurious ``Right to War''
233(7)
Cajetan (1468-1534): War and Vindicative Justice
240(11)
Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527): War is Just to Whom it is Necessary
251(8)
Thomas More (ca. 1478-1535): Warfare in Utopia
259(6)
Martin Luther (1483-1546) and Jean Calvin (1509-1564): Legitimate War in Reformed Christianity
265(13)
The Radical Reformation (Sixteenth Century): Religious Rationales for Violence and Pacifism
278(10)
Francisco de Vitoria (ca. 1492-1546): Just War in the Age of Discovery
288(45)
Luis de Molina (1535-1600): Distinguishing War from Punishment
333(6)
Francisco Suarez (1548-1617): Justice, Charity, and War
339(32)
Alberico Gentili (1552-1608): The Advantages of Preventive War
371(7)
Johannes Althusius (1557-1638): Defending the Commonwealth
378(7)
Hugo Grotius (1583-1645): The Theory of Just War Systematized
385(54)
Part IV Modern
439(154)
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679): Solving the Problem of Civil War
441(10)
Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677): The Virtue of Peace
451(3)
Samuel von Pufendorf (1632-1694): War in an Emerging System of States
454(8)
John Locke (1632-1704): The Rights of Man and the Limits of Just Warfare
462(7)
Christian von Wolff (1679-1754): Bilateral Rights of War
469(6)
Montesquieu (1689-1755): National Self-preservation and the Balance of Power
475(5)
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778): Supranational Government and Peace
480(24)
Emer de Vattel (1714-1767): War in Due Form
504(14)
Immanuel Kant (1724-1804): Cosmopolitan Rights, Human Progress, and Perpetual Peace
518(24)
G. W. F. Hegel (1770-1831): War and the Spirit of the Nation-state
542(11)
Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831): Ethics and Military Strategy
553(9)
Daniel Webster (1782-1852): The Caroline Incident (1837)
562(3)
Francis Lieber (1800-1872): Devising a Military Code of Conduct
565(9)
John Stuart Mill (1806-1873): Foreign Intervention and National Autonomy
574(12)
Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Friedrich Engels (1820-1895): War as an Instrument of Emancipation
586(7)
Part V Twentieth Century
593(101)
Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924): The Dream of a League of Nations
595(5)
Bertrand Russell (1872-1970): Pacifism and Modern War
600(5)
Hans Kelsen (1881-1973): Bellum lustum in International Law
605(9)
Paul Ramsey (1913-1988): Nuclear Weapons and Legitimate Defense
614(11)
G. E. M. Anscombe (1919-2001): The Moral Recklessness of Pacifism
625(8)
John Rawls (1921-2002): The Moral Duties of Statesmen
633(9)
Michael Walzer (b. 1935): Terrorism and Ethics
642(11)
Thomas Nagel (b. 1937): The Logic of Hostility
653(7)
James Turner Johnson (b. 1938): Contemporary Just War
660(9)
National Conference of Catholic Bishops (1983 and 1993): A Presumption against War
669(14)
Kofi Annan (b. 1938): Toward a New Definition of Sovereignty
683(11)
Index 694

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